Solar Power Inverters

A solar inverter, also known as a photovoltaic inverter, is a device that converts the direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC). It is an integral part of a solar power system, ensuring that the electricity generated by the solar panels can be used by household appliances or the power grid.

There are usually two types of solar power systems: off-grid systems and grid-connected systems. Different types of systems may require different types of inverters:

• Off-grid systems: For off-grid systems, i.e. systems that are not connected to the public grid, inverters with batteries, also known as off-grid inverters, are usually used. This type of inverter is able to continue supplying power to the loads in the event of a grid outage.
• Grid-connected systems: Grid-connected systems convert the power generated by the solar panels directly into grid-compliant alternating current (AC) power and connect it to the utility grid. This type of system typically uses a grid-tie inverter, which converts DC power to AC power that matches the grid voltage and frequency.

The efficiency of a solar inverter is one of the most important indicators of its performance. A highly efficient inverter can reduce energy loss and increase the overall power generation of the system. In general, the efficiency of an inverter increases as the power increases. For example, inverters below the kilowatt level should have an efficiency of 85% or more, inverters of 10 kilowatts should have an efficiency of 90% or more, and inverters of higher power must have an efficiency of 95% or more.

The solar inverter itself does not have the ability to store electricity. Its main function is to convert DC power to AC power. However, in practice, power storage can be achieved by combining it with a battery system. When there is enough sunshine, the power generated by solar panels is converted to AC power by the inverter and used for power supply or stored in the battery; when there is insufficient sunshine or electricity is needed, the power in the battery can be converted to AC power by the inverter for use.

The following factors need to be considered when choosing the right solar inverter:

• Power Matching: The rated power of the inverter should be slightly greater than the maximum power point power of the solar panels to ensure that the inverter can fully utilize the power generated by the solar panels.
• Efficiency: Choosing a high-efficiency inverter reduces energy losses and improves the overall power generation of the system.
• Reliability: The inverter is one of the key equipments in the solar power system, and its reliability directly affects the stability and service life of the system. Therefore, brands and products with reliable quality and good after-sales service should be selected.
• Functional requirements: Select the inverter with corresponding functions according to the actual needs, such as grid-connected function, off-grid function, MPPT tracking technology, etc.

When the solar inverter fails, the following measures can be taken:

• Check the power supply and connection: Firstly, check whether the power supply of the inverter is normal or not, as well as whether each connection line is firm and reliable.
• Check the fault code: Most of the inverters are equipped with fault code display function, you can check the fault code to initially determine the cause of the fault.
• Contact the after-sales service: If you can't solve the problem by yourself, you should contact the after-sales service department of the inverter or the professional maintenance personnel to deal with the problem.

Solar inverter in grid-connected system will have some impact on the power grid. Due to the random, fluctuating and intermittent nature of PV power generation, its connection to the grid will have a certain impact on the power quality of the grid, such as harmonics, voltage fluctuations and flicker. However, modern solar inverters are usually equipped with a variety of protection and control functions, such as islanding protection, low voltage ride-through, etc., to ensure that they do not adversely affect the grid during the grid connection process.

Solar inverters are very suitable for home use. With the continuous development and popularization of solar technology, more and more households are installing solar power systems to achieve self-sufficient energy supply. Solar inverters for home use are usually characterized by moderate power, easy installation and simple operation, which can meet the daily electricity demand of the family. At the same time, through reasonable configuration and installation, home solar inverters can also realize grid-connected operation with the public power grid, further improving the efficiency of energy utilization.